Part Number Hot Search : 
1H221 0150C LYM67K CXD2540Q 10700 P50N06 T373A FN3550
Product Description
Full Text Search
 

To Download MC14020B-D Datasheet File

  If you can't view the Datasheet, Please click here to try to view without PDF Reader .  
 
 


  Datasheet File OCR Text:
  ? semiconductor components industries, llc, 2000 august, 2000 rev. 4 1 publication order number: mc14020b/d mc14020b 14-bit binary counter the mc14020b 14stage binary counter is constructed with mos pchannel and nchannel enhancement mode devices in a single monolithic structure. this part is designed with an input wave shaping circuit and 14 stages of ripplecarry binary counter. the device advances the count on the negativegoing edge of the clock pulse. applications include time delay circuits, counter controls, and frequencydividing circuits. ? fully static operation ? diode protection on all inputs ? supply voltage range = 3.0 vdc to 18 vdc ? capable of driving two lowpower ttl loads or one lowpower schottky ttl load over the rated temperature range ? buffered outputs available from stages 1 and 4 thru 14 ? common reset line ? pinforpin replacement for cd4020b maximum ratings (voltages referenced to v ss ) (note no tag) symbol parameter value unit v dd dc supply voltage range 0.5 to +18.0 v v in , v out input or output voltage range (dc or transient) 0.5 to v dd + 0.5 v i in , i out input or output current (dc or transient) per pin 10 ma p d power dissipation, per package (note no tag) 500 mw t a ambient temperature range 55 to +125 c t stg storage temperature range 65 to +150 c t l lead temperature (8second soldering) 260 c 2. maximum ratings are those values beyond which damage to the device may occur. 3. temperature derating: plastic ap and d/dwo packages: 7.0 mw/  c from 65  c to 125  c this device contains protection circuitry to guard against damage due to high static voltages or electric fields. however, precautions must be taken to avoid applications of any voltage higher than maximum rated voltages to this highimpedance circuit. for proper operation, v in and v out should be constrained to the range v ss  (v in or v out )  v dd . unused inputs must always be tied to an appropriate logic voltage level (e.g., either v ss or v dd ). unused outputs must be left open. http://onsemi.com a = assembly location wl, l = wafer lot yy, y = year ww, w = work week device package shipping ordering information mc14020bcp pdip16 2000/box mc14020bd soic16 48/rail mc14020bdr2 soic16 2500/tape & reel 1. for ordering information on the eiaj version of the soic packages, please contact your local on semiconductor representative. marking diagrams 1 16 pdip16 p suffix case 648 mc14020bcp awlyyww soic16 d suffix case 751b 1 16 14020b awlyww soeiaj16 f suffix case 966 1 16 mc14020b alyw tssop16 dt suffix case 948f 14 020b alyw 1 16 mc14020bdt tssop16 96/rail mc14020bf soeiaj16 see note 1. mc14020bfel soeiaj16 see note 1.
mc14020b http://onsemi.com 2 truth table clock reset output state 0 no change 0 advance to next state x 1 all outputs are low x = don't care logic diagram clock reset 11 10 q1 q4 q5 q12 q13 q14 975 123 c c r q q c c r q q c c r q q c c r q q c c r q q c c q r q6 = pin 4 q7 = pin 6 q8 = pin 13 q9 = pin 12 q10 = pin 14 q11 = pin 15 v dd = pin 16 v ss = pin 8 pin assignment 13 14 15 16 9 10 11 12 5 4 3 2 1 8 7 6 q9 q8 q10 q11 v dd q1 c r q6 q14 q13 q12 v ss q4 q7 q5
mc14020b http://onsemi.com 3 ????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????? electrical characteristics (voltages referenced to v ss ) ?????????? ?????????? ???? ???? ??? ??? v dd ????? ????? 55  c ????????? ????????? 25  c ????? ????? 125  c ??? ??? ?????????? ?????????? characteristic ???? ???? symbol ??? ??? v dd vdc ??? ??? min ??? ??? max ???? ???? min ??? ??? typ (4.) ???? ???? max ??? ??? min ??? ??? max ??? ??? unit ?????????? ? ???????? ? ?????????? output voltage a0o level v in = v dd or 0 ???? ? ?? ? ???? v ol ??? ? ? ? ??? 5.0 10 15 ??? ? ? ? ??? e e e ??? ? ? ? ??? 0.05 0.05 0.05 ???? ? ?? ? ???? e e e ??? ? ? ? ??? 0 0 0 ???? ? ?? ? ???? 0.05 0.05 0.05 ??? ? ? ? ??? e e e ??? ? ? ? ??? 0.05 0.05 0.05 ??? ? ? ? ??? vdc ?????????? ? ???????? ? ?????????? a1o level v in = 0 or v dd ???? ? ?? ? ???? v oh ??? ? ? ? ??? 5.0 10 15 ??? ? ? ? ??? 4.95 9.95 14.95 ??? ? ? ? ??? e e e ???? ? ?? ? ???? 4.95 9.95 14.95 ??? ? ? ? ??? 5.0 10 15 ???? ? ?? ? ???? e e e ??? ? ? ? ??? 4.95 9.95 14.95 ??? ? ? ? ??? e e e ??? ? ? ? ??? vdc ?????????? ? ???????? ? ? ???????? ? ?????????? input voltage a0o level (v o = 4.5 or 0.5 vdc) (v o = 9.0 or 1.0 vdc) (v o = 13.5 or 1.5 vdc) ???? ? ?? ? ? ?? ? ???? v il ??? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??? 5.0 10 15 ??? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??? e e e ??? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??? 1.5 3.0 4.0 ???? ? ?? ? ? ?? ? ???? e e e ??? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??? 2.25 4.50 6.75 ???? ? ?? ? ? ?? ? ???? 1.5 3.0 4.0 ??? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??? e e e ??? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??? 1.5 3.0 4.0 ??? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??? vdc ?????????? ? ???????? ? ? ???????? ? ?????????? a1o level (v o = 0.5 or 4.5 vdc) (v o = 1.0 or 9.0 vdc) (v o = 1.5 or 13.5 vdc) ???? ? ?? ? ? ?? ? ???? v ih ??? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??? 5.0 10 15 ??? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??? 3.5 7.0 11 ??? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??? e e e ???? ? ?? ? ? ?? ? ???? 3.5 7.0 11 ??? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??? 2.75 5.50 8.25 ???? ? ?? ? ? ?? ? ???? e e e ??? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??? 3.5 7.0 11 ??? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??? e e e ??? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??? vdc ?????????? ? ???????? ? ? ???????? ? ? ???????? ? ?????????? output drive current (v oh = 2.5 vdc) source (v oh = 4.6 vdc) (v oh = 9.5 vdc) (v oh = 13.5 vdc) ???? ? ?? ? ? ?? ? ? ?? ? ???? i oh ??? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??? 5.0 5.0 10 15 ??? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??? 3.0 0.64 1.6 4.2 ??? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??? e e e e ???? ? ?? ? ? ?? ? ? ?? ? ???? 2.4 0.51 1.3 3.4 ??? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??? 4.2 0.88 2.25 8.8 ???? ? ?? ? ? ?? ? ? ?? ? ???? e e e e ??? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??? 1.7 0.36 0.9 2.4 ??? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??? e e e e ??? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??? madc ?????????? ? ???????? ? ?????????? (v ol = 0.4 vdc) sink (v ol = 0.5 vdc) (v ol = 1.5 vdc) ???? ? ?? ? ???? i ol ??? ? ? ? ??? 5.0 10 15 ??? ? ? ? ??? 0.64 1.6 4.2 ??? ? ? ? ??? e e e ???? ? ?? ? ???? 0.51 1.3 3.4 ??? ? ? ? ??? 0.88 2.25 8.8 ???? ? ?? ? ???? e e e ??? ? ? ? ??? 0.36 0.9 2.4 ??? ? ? ? ??? e e e ??? ? ? ? ??? madc ?????????? ?????????? input current ???? ???? i in ??? ??? 15 ??? ??? e ??? ??? 0.1 ???? ???? e ??? ??? 0.00001 ???? ???? 0.1 ??? ??? e ??? ??? 1.0 ??? ??? m adc ?????????? ? ???????? ? ?????????? input capacitance (v in = 0) ???? ? ?? ? ???? c in ??? ? ? ? ??? e ??? ? ? ? ??? e ??? ? ? ? ??? e ???? ? ?? ? ???? e ??? ? ? ? ??? 5.0 ???? ? ?? ? ???? 7.5 ??? ? ? ? ??? e ??? ? ? ? ??? e ??? ? ? ? ??? pf ?????????? ? ???????? ? ?????????? quiescent current (per package) ???? ? ?? ? ???? i dd ??? ? ? ? ??? 5.0 10 15 ??? ? ? ? ??? e e e ??? ? ? ? ??? 5.0 10 20 ???? ? ?? ? ???? e e e ??? ? ? ? ??? 0.005 0.010 0.015 ???? ? ?? ? ???? 5.0 10 20 ??? ? ? ? ??? e e e ??? ? ? ? ??? 150 300 600 ??? ? ? ? ??? m adc ?????????? ? ???????? ? ? ???????? ? ? ???????? ? ?????????? total supply current (5.) (6.) (dynamic plus quiescent, per package) (c l = 50 pf on all outputs, all buffers switching) ???? ? ?? ? ? ?? ? ? ?? ? ???? i t ??? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??? 5.0 10 15 ????????????????? ? ??????????????? ? ? ??????????????? ? ? ??????????????? ? ????????????????? i t = (0.42 m a/khz)f + i dd i t = (0.85 m a/khz)f + i dd i t = (1.43 m a/khz)f + i dd ??? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??? m adc 4. data labelled atypo is not to be used for design purposes but is intended as an indication of the ic's potential performance. 5. the formulas given are for the typical characteristics only at 25  c. 6. to calculate total supply current at loads other than 50 pf: i t (c l ) = i t (50 pf) + (c l 50) vfk where: i t is in m a (per package), c l in pf, v = (v dd v ss ) in volts, f in khz is input frequency, and k = 0.001.
mc14020b http://onsemi.com 4 ????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????? switching characteristics (7.) (c l = 50 pf, t a = 25  c) ??????????????? ? ????????????? ? ??????????????? characteristic ????? ? ??? ? ????? symbol ???? ? ?? ? ???? v dd vdc ???? ? ?? ? ???? min ???? ? ?? ? ???? typ (8.) ???? ? ?? ? ???? max ??? ? ? ? ??? unit ??????????????? ? ????????????? ? ??????????????? output rise and fall time t tlh , t thl = (1.5 ns/pf) c l + 25 ns t tlh , t thl = (0.75 ns/pf) c l + 12.5 ns t tlh , t thl = (0.55 ns/pf) c l + 9.5 ns ????? ? ??? ? ????? t tlh , t thl ???? ? ?? ? ???? 5.0 10 15 ???? ? ?? ? ???? e e e ???? ? ?? ? ???? 100 50 40 ???? ? ?? ? ???? 200 100 80 ??? ? ? ? ??? ns ??????????????? ? ????????????? ? ? ????????????? ? ? ????????????? ? ??????????????? propagation delay time clock to q1 t phl , t plh = (1.7 ns/pf) c l + 175 ns t phl , t plh = (0.66 ns/pf) c l + 82 ns t phl , t plh = (0.5 ns/pf) c l + 55 ns ????? ? ??? ? ? ??? ? ? ??? ? ????? t plh , t phl ???? ? ?? ? ? ?? ? ? ?? ? ???? 5.0 10 15 ???? ? ?? ? ? ?? ? ? ?? ? ???? e e e ???? ? ?? ? ? ?? ? ? ?? ? ???? 260 115 80 ???? ? ?? ? ? ?? ? ? ?? ? ???? 520 230 160 ??? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??? ns ??????????????? ? ????????????? ? ? ????????????? ? ??????????????? clock to q14 t phl , t plh (1.7 ns/pf) c l + 1735 ns t phl , t plh = (0.66 ns/pf) c l + 772 ns t phl , t plh = (0.5 ns/pf) c l + 535 ns ????? ? ??? ? ? ??? ? ????? ???? ? ?? ? ? ?? ? ???? 5.0 10 15 ???? ? ?? ? ? ?? ? ???? e e e ???? ? ?? ? ? ?? ? ???? 1820 805 560 ???? ? ?? ? ? ?? ? ???? 3900 1725 1200 ??? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??? ns ??????????????? ? ????????????? ? ? ????????????? ? ? ????????????? ? ??????????????? propagation delay time reset to q n t phl = (1.7 ns/pf) c l + 285 ns t phl = (0.66 ns/pf) c l + 122 ns t phl = (0.5 ns/pf) c l + 90 ns ????? ? ??? ? ? ??? ? ? ??? ? ????? t phl ???? ? ?? ? ? ?? ? ? ?? ? ???? 5.0 10 15 ???? ? ?? ? ? ?? ? ? ?? ? ???? e e e ???? ? ?? ? ? ?? ? ? ?? ? ???? 370 155 115 ???? ? ?? ? ? ?? ? ? ?? ? ???? 740 310 230 ??? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??? ns ??????????????? ? ????????????? ? ??????????????? clock pulse width ????? ? ??? ? ????? t wh ???? ? ?? ? ???? 5.0 10 15 ???? ? ?? ? ???? 500 165 125 ???? ? ?? ? ???? 140 55 38 ???? ? ?? ? ???? e e e ??? ? ? ? ??? ns ??????????????? ? ????????????? ? ??????????????? clock pulse frequency ????? ? ??? ? ????? f cl ???? ? ?? ? ???? 5.0 10 15 ???? ? ?? ? ???? e e e ???? ? ?? ? ???? 2.0 6.0 8.0 ???? ? ?? ? ???? 1.0 3.0 4.0 ??? ? ? ? ??? mhz ??????????????? ? ????????????? ? ? ????????????? ? ??????????????? clock rise and fall time ????? ? ??? ? ? ??? ? ????? t tlh , t thl ???? ? ?? ? ? ?? ? ???? 5.0 10 15 ?????????? ? ???????? ? ? ???????? ? ?????????? no limit ??? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??? e ??????????????? ? ????????????? ? ??????????????? reset pulse width ????? ? ??? ? ????? t wl ???? ? ?? ? ???? 5.0 10 15 ???? ? ?? ? ???? 3000 550 420 ???? ? ?? ? ???? 320 120 80 ???? ? ?? ? ???? e e e ??? ? ? ? ??? ns ??????????????? ? ????????????? ? ??????????????? reset removal time ????? ? ??? ? ????? t rem ???? ? ?? ? ???? 5.0 10 15 ???? ? ?? ? ???? 130 50 30 ???? ? ?? ? ???? 65 25 15 ???? ? ?? ? ???? e e e ??? ? ? ? ??? ns 7. the formulas given are for the typical characteristics only at 25  c. 8. data labelled atypo is not to be used for design purposes but is intended as an indication of the ic's potential performance.
mc14020b http://onsemi.com 5 figure 1. power dissipation test circuit and waveform figure 2. switching time test circuit and waveforms 500 m f 0.01 m f ceramic pulse generator v dd c l c l c l v ss c r q1 q4 q n i d v dd v ss 20 ns 20 ns clock 90% 50% 10% 50% duty cycle pulse generator v dd v ss c r q1 q4 q n c l c l c l 20 ns 20 ns clock 90% 50% 10% t wh t plh t phl 90% 50% 10% t tlh t thl q figure 3. timing diagram clock reset q1 q4 q5 q6 q7 q8 q9 q10 q11 q12 q13 q14 16,384 8192 4096 1 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256 512 1024 2048
mc14020b http://onsemi.com 6 package dimensions pdip16 p suffix plastic dip package case 64808 issue r notes: 1. dimensioning and tolerancing per ansi y14.5m, 1982. 2. controlling dimension: inch. 3. dimension l to center of leads when formed parallel. 4. dimension b does not include mold flash. 5. rounded corners optional. a b f c s h g d j l m 16 pl seating 18 9 16 k plane t m a m 0.25 (0.010) t dim min max min max millimeters inches a 0.740 0.770 18.80 19.55 b 0.250 0.270 6.35 6.85 c 0.145 0.175 3.69 4.44 d 0.015 0.021 0.39 0.53 f 0.040 0.70 1.02 1.77 g 0.100 bsc 2.54 bsc h 0.050 bsc 1.27 bsc j 0.008 0.015 0.21 0.38 k 0.110 0.130 2.80 3.30 l 0.295 0.305 7.50 7.74 m 0 10 0 10 s 0.020 0.040 0.51 1.01     soic16 d suffix plastic soic package case 751b05 issue j notes: 1. dimensioning and tolerancing per ansi y14.5m, 1982. 2. controlling dimension: millimeter. 3. dimensions a and b do not include mold protrusion. 4. maximum mold protrusion 0.15 (0.006) per side. 5. dimension d does not include dambar protrusion. allowable dambar protrusion shall be 0.127 (0.005) total in excess of the d dimension at maximum material condition. 18 16 9 seating plane f j m r x 45  g 8 pl p b a m 0.25 (0.010) b s t d k c 16 pl s b m 0.25 (0.010) a s t dim min max min max inches millimeters a 9.80 10.00 0.386 0.393 b 3.80 4.00 0.150 0.157 c 1.35 1.75 0.054 0.068 d 0.35 0.49 0.014 0.019 f 0.40 1.25 0.016 0.049 g 1.27 bsc 0.050 bsc j 0.19 0.25 0.008 0.009 k 0.10 0.25 0.004 0.009 m 0 7 0 7 p 5.80 6.20 0.229 0.244 r 0.25 0.50 0.010 0.019 
mc14020b http://onsemi.com 7 package dimensions tssop16 dt suffix plastic tssop package case 948f01 issue o ??? ??? dim min max min max inches millimeters a 4.90 5.10 0.193 0.200 b 4.30 4.50 0.169 0.177 c --- 1.20 --- 0.047 d 0.05 0.15 0.002 0.006 f 0.50 0.75 0.020 0.030 g 0.65 bsc 0.026 bsc h 0.18 0.28 0.007 0.011 j 0.09 0.20 0.004 0.008 j1 0.09 0.16 0.004 0.006 k 0.19 0.30 0.007 0.012 k1 0.19 0.25 0.007 0.010 l 6.40 bsc 0.252 bsc m 0 8 0 8 notes: 1. dimensioning and tolerancing per ansi y14.5m, 1982. 2. controlling dimension: millimeter. 3. dimension a does not include mold flash. protrusions or gate burrs. mold flash or gate burrs shall not exceed 0.15 (0.006) per side. 4. dimension b does not include interlead flash or protrusion. interlead flash or protrusion shall not exceed 0.25 (0.010) per side. 5. dimension k does not include dambar protrusion. allowable dambar protrusion shall be 0.08 (0.003) total in excess of the k dimension at maximum material condition. 6. terminal numbers are shown for reference only. 7. dimension a and b are to be determined at datum plane -w-.  section nn seating plane ident. pin 1 1 8 16 9 detail e j j1 b c d a k k1 h g detail e f m l 2x l/2 u s u 0.15 (0.006) t s u 0.15 (0.006) t s u m 0.10 (0.004) v s t 0.10 (0.004) t v w 0.25 (0.010) 16x ref k n n
mc14020b http://onsemi.com 8 package dimensions h e a 1 dim min max min max inches --- 2.05 --- 0.081 millimeters 0.05 0.20 0.002 0.008 0.35 0.50 0.014 0.020 0.18 0.27 0.007 0.011 9.90 10.50 0.390 0.413 5.10 5.45 0.201 0.215 1.27 bsc 0.050 bsc 7.40 8.20 0.291 0.323 0.50 0.85 0.020 0.033 1.10 1.50 0.043 0.059 0 0.70 0.90 0.028 0.035 --- 0.78 --- 0.031 a 1 h e q 1 l e  10  0  10  l e q 1  notes: 1. dimensioning and tolerancing per ansi y14.5m, 1982. 2. controlling dimension: millimeter. 3. dimensions d and e do not include mold flash or protrusions and are measured at the parting line. mold flash or protrusions shall not exceed 0.15 (0.006) per side. 4. terminal numbers are shown for reference only. 5. the lead width dimension (b) does not include dambar protrusion. allowable dambar protrusion shall be 0.08 (0.003) total in excess of the lead width dimension at maximum material condition. dambar cannot be located on the lower radius or the foot. minimum space between protrusions and adjacent lead to be 0.46 ( 0.018). m l detail p view p c a b e m 0.13 (0.005) 0.10 (0.004) 1 16 9 8 d z e a b c d e e l m z soeiaj16 f suffix plastic eiaj soic package case 96601 issue o on semiconductor and are trademarks of semiconductor components industries, llc (scillc). scillc reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. scillc makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does scillc assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation special, consequential or incidental damages. atypicalo parameters which may be provided in scill c data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary in different applications and actual performance may vary over time. all operating parameters, including atypicalso must be validated for each customer application by customer's technical experts. scillc does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others. scillc products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body , or other applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the scillc product could create a sit uation where personal injury or death may occur. should buyer purchase or use scillc products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, buyer shall indemnify and hold scillc and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthori zed use, even if such claim alleges that scillc was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part. scillc is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer. publication ordering information central/south america: spanish phone : 3033087143 (monfri 8:00am to 5:00pm mst) email : onlitspanish@hibbertco.com asia/pacific : ldc for on semiconductor asia support phone : 3036752121 (tuefri 9:00am to 1:00pm, hong kong time) toll free from hong kong & singapore: 00180044223781 email : onlitasia@hibbertco.com japan : on semiconductor, japan customer focus center 4321 nishigotanda, shinagawaku, tokyo, japan 1410031 phone : 81357402745 email : r14525@onsemi.com on semiconductor website : http://onsemi.com for additional information, please contact your local sales representative. mc14020b/d north america literature fulfillment : literature distribution center for on semiconductor p.o. box 5163, denver, colorado 80217 usa phone : 3036752175 or 8003443860 toll free usa/canada fax : 3036752176 or 8003443867 toll free usa/canada email : onlit@hibbertco.com fax response line: 3036752167 or 8003443810 toll free usa/canada n. american technical support : 8002829855 toll free usa/canada europe: ldc for on semiconductor european support german phone : (+1) 3033087140 (monfri 2:30pm to 7:00pm cet) email : onlitgerman@hibbertco.com french phone : (+1) 3033087141 (monfri 2:00pm to 7:00pm cet) email : onlitfrench@hibbertco.com english phone : (+1) 3033087142 (monfri 12:00pm to 5:00pm gmt) email : onlit@hibbertco.com european tollfree access*: 0080044223781 *available from germany, france, italy, uk


▲Up To Search▲   

 
Price & Availability of MC14020B-D

All Rights Reserved © IC-ON-LINE 2003 - 2022  

[Add Bookmark] [Contact Us] [Link exchange] [Privacy policy]
Mirror Sites :  [www.datasheet.hk]   [www.maxim4u.com]  [www.ic-on-line.cn] [www.ic-on-line.com] [www.ic-on-line.net] [www.alldatasheet.com.cn] [www.gdcy.com]  [www.gdcy.net]


 . . . . .
  We use cookies to deliver the best possible web experience and assist with our advertising efforts. By continuing to use this site, you consent to the use of cookies. For more information on cookies, please take a look at our Privacy Policy. X